Hedera helixL.

common ivy

WFO wfo-0000979730 Accepted WFO 2026-06 8 photographs CC0 / CC BY In the accuracy benchmark

Plate 1 figs. a–h

Hedera helix, photographed by Marco Mussita
fig. a Marco Mussita, CC BY 4.0 / 2022-06-07 / obs. 204149692
Hedera helix, photographed by Jon Mortin
fig. b Jon Mortin, CC BY 4.0 / obs. 205596429
Hedera helix, photographed by Marino Linić
fig. c Marino Linić, CC0 1.0 / obs. 203871333
Hedera helix, photographed by Alexis Tinker-Tsavalas
fig. d Alexis Tinker-Tsavalas, CC BY 4.0 / obs. 204319135
Hedera helix, photographed by Louis Aureglia
fig. e Louis Aureglia, CC BY 4.0 / obs. 203953883
Hedera helix, photographed by Ian Wolfe
fig. f Ian Wolfe, CC0 1.0 / obs. 203871720
Hedera helix, photographed by Yann Kemper
fig. g Yann Kemper, CC0 1.0 / obs. 203933746
Hedera helix, photographed by Grzegorz Grzejszczak
fig. h Grzegorz Grzejszczak, CC BY-SA 4.0 / obs. 205794605

Every figure is a research-grade observation under CC0, CC BY or CC BY-SA, rehosted with the photographer’s name, the licence and the observation it came from. Photographs under a NonCommercial licence are excluded from this site and are never stored, which costs us a great many pictures and is not negotiable.

Confused withby our own model

These are not lookalikes we guessed at. Each one is a species our identification model genuinely mistook for this plant, and how many times. The error rate is published.

Flowering n = 1,735 observations

Peak flowering in Sep, from 1,735 community-annotated observations worldwide. This is a global aggregate, not a forecast for your garden: the same species flowers on different dates in different hemispheres, and citizen-science records cluster near cities, at weekends, and in spring. Where a species has fewer than 30 annotated records we do not draw this chart at all.

Also published as 150 synonyms

A synonym is not an error. It is a record of botanists disagreeing, in print, about where this plant belongs. Each of these was somebody’s considered answer.

  • Hedera arborea (Baumg.) Carrière
  • Hedera arborea Garsault
  • Hedera arborea unranked aurea Carrière
  • Hedera arborea unranked intermedia Carrière
  • Hedera arborea unranked microphylla Carrière
  • Hedera arborea var. variegata Hibberd
  • Hedera aurantiaca (Hibberd) Carrière
  • Hedera aurantiaca unranked fructu-rubro Carrière
  • Hedera baccifera G.Nicholson
  • Hedera burgalensis Sennen
  • Hedera cambwoodiana Carrière
  • Hedera chrysocarpa Walsh
  • Hedera chrysophylla (Hibberd) G.W.Johnson
  • Hedera chrysophylla hort.
  • Hedera combwoodiana Carrière
  • Hedera communis Gray
  • Hedera communis var. sterilis Gray
  • Hedera conglomerata (G.Nicholson) Carrière
  • Hedera cordata Carrière
  • Hedera cordifolia G.Nicholson
  • Hedera digitata Paul
  • Hedera diversifolia Stokes
  • Hedera donerailensis Paul
  • Hedera donerailensis hort. ex K.Koch

and 126 more.

Sourcesevery claim on this page

  1. World Flora Online Plant List. accepted name, authority, classification. CC0. Retrieved 2026-07-12.
  2. iNaturalist. photographs and flowering annotations, CC0 / CC BY / CC BY-SA only. per photograph. Retrieved 2026-06-27.

We publish what we can source and we say so when we cannot. This page has no care advice, no toxicity claim and no native range, because we do not yet have those from a source we can cite.