Picea abies(L.) H.Karst.

Norway spruce

WFO wfo-0000482030 Accepted WFO 2026-06 8 photographs CC0 / CC BY

Plate 1 figs. a–h

Picea abies, photographed by Pavel Kacl
fig. a Pavel Kacl, CC BY 4.0 / 2022-06-12 / obs. 205804025
Picea abies, photographed by Jason Grant
fig. b Jason Grant, CC BY 4.0 / obs. 205229505
Picea abies, photographed by Jason Grant
fig. c Jason Grant, CC BY 4.0 / obs. 202772694
Picea abies, photographed by E. A.
fig. d E. A., CC BY 4.0 / obs. 200205434
Picea abies, photographed by Марина Садыкова
fig. e Марина Садыкова, CC BY 4.0 / obs. 203248985
Picea abies, photographed by snaily_naily
fig. f snaily_naily, CC BY 4.0 / obs. 203272846
Picea abies, photographed by Caleb Catto
fig. g Caleb Catto, CC BY 4.0 / obs. 198112421
Picea abies, photographed by Силаева Татьяна Борисовна
fig. h Силаева Татьяна Борисовна, CC0 1.0 / obs. 199758077

Every figure is a research-grade observation under CC0, CC BY or CC BY-SA, rehosted with the photographer’s name, the licence and the observation it came from. Photographs under a NonCommercial licence are excluded from this site and are never stored, which costs us a great many pictures and is not negotiable.

Confused withby our own model

These are not lookalikes we guessed at. Each one is a species our identification model genuinely mistook for this plant, and how many times. The error rate is published.

Also published as 185 synonyms

A synonym is not an error. It is a record of botanists disagreeing, in print, about where this plant belongs. Each of these was somebody’s considered answer.

  • Abies abies (L.) Druce
  • Abies alpestris Brügger
  • Abies carpatica (Loudon) Ravenscr.
  • Abies cinerea Borkh.
  • Abies clambrasiliana Lavallée
  • Abies clanbrassiliana P.Lawson
  • Abies coerulescens K.Koch
  • Abies communis Lindl.
  • Abies communis P.Lawson
  • Abies communis var. pendula Booth ex P.Lawson
  • Abies commutata var. mucronata Loudon
  • Abies conica Lavallée
  • Abies cranstonii Lavallée
  • Abies elegans Sm. ex Knight
  • Abies eremita K.Koch
  • Abies erythrocarpa (Purk.) Nyman
  • Abies excelsa (Lam.) Poir.
  • Abies excelsa var. argentea Berg
  • Abies excelsa var. carpatica Loudon
  • Abies excelsa var. clambrasiliana Lavallée
  • Abies excelsa var. columnaris Jacques
  • Abies excelsa var. communis Loudon
  • Abies excelsa var. conica Lavallée
  • Abies excelsa var. elegans J.Forbes

and 161 more.

Sourcesevery claim on this page

  1. World Flora Online Plant List. accepted name, authority, classification. CC0. Retrieved 2026-07-12.
  2. iNaturalist. photographs and flowering annotations, CC0 / CC BY / CC BY-SA only. per photograph. Retrieved 2026-06-27.

We publish what we can source and we say so when we cannot. This page has no care advice, no toxicity claim and no native range, because we do not yet have those from a source we can cite.