Picea rubensSarg.

red spruce

WFO wfo-0000482650 Accepted WFO 2026-06 8 photographs CC0 / CC BY

Plate 1 figs. a–h

Picea rubens, photographed by Clay Gibbons
fig. a Clay Gibbons, CC BY 4.0 / 2022-05-27 / obs. 201758389
Picea rubens, photographed by Jamie VanBuskirk
fig. b Jamie VanBuskirk, CC BY 4.0 / obs. 200246965
Picea rubens, photographed by Will Kuhn
fig. c Will Kuhn, CC BY 4.0 / obs. 192632097
Picea rubens, photographed by Nick Kleinschmidt
fig. d Nick Kleinschmidt, CC BY 4.0 / obs. 200371683
Picea rubens, photographed by Nick Kleinschmidt
fig. e Nick Kleinschmidt, CC BY 4.0 / obs. 194409916
Picea rubens, photographed by Quinten Wiegersma
fig. f Quinten Wiegersma, CC BY 4.0 / obs. 198991759
Picea rubens, photographed by Nick Kleinschmidt
fig. g Nick Kleinschmidt, CC BY 4.0 / obs. 192618326
Picea rubens, photographed by Lynn Harper
fig. h Lynn Harper, CC0 1.0 / obs. 192572971

Every figure is a research-grade observation under CC0, CC BY or CC BY-SA, rehosted with the photographer’s name, the licence and the observation it came from. Photographs under a NonCommercial licence are excluded from this site and are never stored, which costs us a great many pictures and is not negotiable.

Confused withby our own model

These are not lookalikes we guessed at. Each one is a species our identification model genuinely mistook for this plant, and how many times. The error rate is published.

Also published as 18 synonyms

A synonym is not an error. It is a record of botanists disagreeing, in print, about where this plant belongs. Each of these was somebody’s considered answer.

  • Abies americana K.Koch
  • Abies rubra (Du Roi) Poir.
  • Picea americana (Gaertn.) Suringar
  • Picea australis Small
  • Picea nigra var. rubra (Du Roi) Engelm.
  • Picea rubens f. rubens
  • Picea rubens f. virgata Fernald & Weath.
  • Picea rubra (Du Roi) Link
  • Picea rubra f. virgata Rehder
  • Picea rubra var. pendula Carrière
  • Picea rubra var. pusilla Peck
  • Picea rubra var. virgata (Rehder) Rehder
  • Pinus abies var. acutissima Münchh.
  • Pinus americana Gaertn.
  • Pinus canadensis var. rubescens Watson
  • Pinus mariana var. rubra Du Roi
  • Pinus rubra (Du Roi) D.Don
  • Pinus rubra var. violacea Endl.

Sourcesevery claim on this page

  1. World Flora Online Plant List. accepted name, authority, classification. CC0. Retrieved 2026-07-12.
  2. iNaturalist. photographs and flowering annotations, CC0 / CC BY / CC BY-SA only. per photograph. Retrieved 2026-06-27.

We publish what we can source and we say so when we cannot. This page has no care advice, no toxicity claim and no native range, because we do not yet have those from a source we can cite.