Tsuga canadensis(L.) Carrière

eastern hemlock

WFO wfo-0000456302 Accepted WFO 2026-06 8 photographs CC0 / CC BY

Plate 1 figs. a–h

Tsuga canadensis, photographed by Lynn Harper
fig. a Lynn Harper, CC0 1.0 / 2022-06-02 / obs. 202788873
Tsuga canadensis, photographed by Nick Kleinschmidt
fig. b Nick Kleinschmidt, CC BY 4.0 / obs. 203388130
Tsuga canadensis, photographed by Lynn Harper
fig. c Lynn Harper, CC0 1.0 / obs. 203958750
Tsuga canadensis, photographed by Nick Kleinschmidt
fig. d Nick Kleinschmidt, CC BY 4.0 / obs. 203387942
Tsuga canadensis, photographed by Tom Scavo
fig. e Tom Scavo, CC BY 4.0 / obs. 205897553
Tsuga canadensis, photographed by Mila C.
fig. f Mila C., CC BY 4.0 / obs. 203279941
Tsuga canadensis, photographed by Lynn Harper
fig. g Lynn Harper, CC0 1.0 / obs. 203516233
Tsuga canadensis, photographed by Mary E. Macaulay, P.Eng.
fig. h Mary E. Macaulay, P.Eng., CC BY 4.0 / obs. 203816805

Every figure is a research-grade observation under CC0, CC BY or CC BY-SA, rehosted with the photographer’s name, the licence and the observation it came from. Photographs under a NonCommercial licence are excluded from this site and are never stored, which costs us a great many pictures and is not negotiable.

Confused withby our own model

These are not lookalikes we guessed at. Each one is a species our identification model genuinely mistook for this plant, and how many times. The error rate is published.

Also published as 31 synonyms

A synonym is not an error. It is a record of botanists disagreeing, in print, about where this plant belongs. Each of these was somebody’s considered answer.

  • Abies americana Mill.
  • Abies canadensis (L.) Dum.Cours.
  • Abies canadensis var. gracilis Waterer ex Gordon
  • Abies canadensis var. microphylla Lindl.
  • Abies curvifolia Salisb.
  • Abies pectinata Poir.
  • Picea canadensis (L.) Link
  • Pinus americana (Mill.) Du Roi
  • Pinus canadensis L.
  • Pinus pendula Sol. ex Salisb.
  • Tsuga americana (Mill.) Farw.
  • Tsuga canadensis f. albospica (Beissn.) Beissn. & Fitschen
  • Tsuga canadensis f. compacta (Sénécl.) Rehder
  • Tsuga canadensis f. gracilis (Waterer ex Gordon) Beissn.
  • Tsuga canadensis f. jenkinsii (L.H.Bailey) Rehder
  • Tsuga canadensis f. microphylla (Lindl.) Beissn.
  • Tsuga canadensis f. minuta (Teusch.) Rehder
  • Tsuga canadensis f. parvula Vict. & Rousseau
  • Tsuga canadensis f. pendula Beissn.
  • Tsuga canadensis f. sargentii (A.Henry) C.K.Schneid.
  • Tsuga canadensis f. sparsifolia (Beissn.) Rehder
  • Tsuga canadensis var. albospica Beissn.
  • Tsuga canadensis var. compacta Sénécl.
  • Tsuga canadensis var. jenkinsii L.H.Bailey

and 7 more.

Sourcesevery claim on this page

  1. World Flora Online Plant List. accepted name, authority, classification. CC0. Retrieved 2026-07-12.
  2. iNaturalist. photographs and flowering annotations, CC0 / CC BY / CC BY-SA only. per photograph. Retrieved 2026-06-27.

We publish what we can source and we say so when we cannot. This page has no care advice, no toxicity claim and no native range, because we do not yet have those from a source we can cite.